The Ben Atchley Papers contains approximately 67 linear feet of material and cover the period from 1965-2003. The papers are almost entirely from Atchley's career as Tennessee Republican State Representative (1972-1976), State Senator (1977-2005), and State Senate Republican Caucus Chairman (1983-1985).

The materials in the collection document many of the activities, plans, responsibilities, and accomplishments of Atchley and his senatorial career. The general types of documents found in the collection include: correspondence, reports, memos, schedules, invitations, newspaper clippings, legislation files, public opinion mail, and financial records. The collection is primarily made up of paper records though it also includes some photographs.